& Zeyh., Solitary flowers with large, yellow petals of around 2-10 millimeters are randomly dispersed forming many seeded fruit with a variegated light green and dark green pattern. Beets. [6], The species has two varieties, watermelons (Citrullus lanatus (Thunb.) [2], A small-fruited form with a bumpy skin has caused poisoning in sheep. What Fruits Are Not Citrus? [53], In a 100-gram (3 1⁄2-ounce) serving, watermelon fruit supplies 125 kilojoules (30 kilocalories) of food energy and low amounts of essential nutrients (see table). Grafting such varieties onto disease-resistant rootstocks offers protection. [26] Pyramid-shaped watermelons have also been developed and any polyhedral shape may potentially be used. Watermelon pulp contains carotenoids, including lycopene. The plant has branching tendrils. It has a thin, light and dark green striped rind, and sweet white flesh with black seeds. These fruits have been known to make acid reflux or heartburn worse, so if you have this problem you will want to limit the amount you consume in your daily diet. [2], This is Linnaeus's sweet watermelon; it has been grown for human consumption for thousands of years. [10] (The International Code of Nomenclature for algae, fungi, and plants does not allow names like "Citrullus citrullus". The leaves are large, coarse, hairy pinnately-lobed and alternate; they get stiff and rough when old. It is commonly consumed as a juice or as an ingredient in mixed beverages. The rind is black with no stripes or spots.

[26] The cubic shape was originally designed to make the melons easier to stack and store, but these "square watermelons" may be triple the price of normal ones, so appeal mainly to wealthy urban consumers. Bailey in 1930. It is cultivated for cattle feed.[2]. [23] Lack of pollen is thought to contribute to "hollow heart" which causes the flesh of the watermelon to develop a large hole, sometimes in an intricate, symmetric shape. [2] It is in the family Cucurbitaceae which consists of various squashes, melons, and gourds. and the bitter wooly melon Citrullus lanatus (Thunb.) The styles are united into a single column. [43] This now-common fruit is often large enough that groceries often sell half or quarter melons. This thick rind is desirable for making watermelon pickles, and some old cultivars favoured for this purpose include 'Tom Watson', 'Georgia Rattlesnake', and 'Black Diamond'. Watermelons have a longer growing period than other melons, and can often take 85 days or more from the time of transplanting for the fruit to mature. from South African arid regions, while the sweet watermelon is closer to Citrullus mucosospermus (Fursa) Fursa from West Africa and populations from Sudan. It is not a form of the sweet watermelon C. vulgaris and not closely related to that species.

), The bitter wooly melon is the sister species of Citrullus ecirrhosus Cogn. [4] Another objective of plant breeders has been the elimination of the seeds which occur scattered throughout the flesh. Renner, S. S., A. Sousa, and G. Chomicki. Stems are up to 3 metres (10 feet) long and new growth has yellow or brown hairs. Required fields are marked *, Copyright Food Answers. The pulp of these fruits is juicy. Some smaller, spherical varieties of watermelon—both red- and yellow-fleshed—are sometimes called "icebox melons". [55][56], Flower stems of male and female watermelon blossoms, showing ovary on the female, Watermelon and other fruit in Boris Kustodiev's Merchant's Wife, Watermelon out for sale in Maa Kochilei Market, Rasulgarh, Odisha, India, A large fruit with a smooth hard rind, of the gourd family. ", https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Watermelon&oldid=985116733, Wikipedia pages semi-protected against vandalism, Short description is different from Wikidata, Taxonbars with automatically added basionyms, Creative Commons Attribution-ShareAlike License. While there are many health benefits of eating citrus fruits, it's important to consume non citrus fruits, as well. In conditions of high humidity, the plants are prone to plant diseases such as powdery mildew and mosaic virus. var. Watermelon is grown in favorable climates from tropical to temperate regions worldwide for its large edible fruit, which is a berry with a hard rind and no internal divisions, and is botanically called a pepo. Young growth is densely woolly with yellowish-brown hairs which disappear as the plant ages. Considerable breeding effort has developed disease-resistant varieties. & Nakai are not closely related to each other. [7] Molecular data including sequences from the original collection of Thunberg and other relevant type material, show that the sweet watermelon (Citrullus vulgaris Schrad.) [44] The largest recorded fruit was grown in Tennessee in 2013 and weighed 159 kilograms (351 pounds). As noted above, while some people do eat it raw, it's more often cooked or prepared in some other way. is a synonym of C. amarus Schrad. It was originally brought to. The white to yellow flowers grow singly in the leaf axils and the corolla is white or yellow inside and greenish-yellow on the outside. There is evidence from seeds in Pharaoh tombs of watermelon cultivation in Ancient Egypt. Gentes Herbarum 2: 175–186. The large fruit is a kind of modified berry called a pepo with a thick rind (exocarp) and fleshy center (mesocarp and endocarp). The citron melon (Citrullus caffer) is a relative of the watermelon, also called Citrullus lanatus var. (Here's more about why beets are … [2], Another variety known as karkoer or bitterboela is unpalatable to humans, but the seeds may be eaten. These are yellow, and greenish on the back. Plants have both male and female flowers on 40-millimetre-long (1 1⁄2 in) hairy stalks. The fruit had begun appearing in European herbals by 1600, and was widely planted in Europe in the 17th century as a minor garden crop. citroides; C. lanatus var. It is a highly cultivated fruit worldwide, having more than 1,000 varieties.

Try apples, pears, watermelon and berries. The average selling price is generally around 25,000 yen ($250). Taxon 66(6): 1393-1405. International Code of Nomenclature for algae, fungi, and plants, "The Plant List: A Working List of All Plant Species", "The 5,000-Year Secret History of the Watermelon", "On eating watermelon in front of white people: "I'm not as free as I thought, "Square watermelons Japan. [5], Watermelon fruit is 91% water, contains 6% sugars, and is low in fat (table). & Nakai, was accepted by the nomenclature committee and confirmed at the International Botanical Congress in 2017. It is known in the southern plains states of the USA as pine melon, as well as citron melon.

[23], Charles Fredrick Andrus, a horticulturist at the USDA Vegetable Breeding Laboratory in Charleston, South Carolina, set out to produce a disease-resistant and wilt-resistant watermelon.

The watermelon is a citrus fruit in the curcurbitacae family, the same family as the cucumber. The citron melon is native to Africa, probably the Kalahari desert, where it still grows abundantly. They have a rough texture and a visible white venation. Watermelons suffering from hollow heart are safe to consume. The 'Moon and Stars' variety was created in 1926. citroides)[28]. [6], "Toward consistency of taxonomic rank in wild/domesticated Cucurbitaceae", "African seed oils of commercial importance - Cosmetic applications", https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Citron_melon&oldid=982272646, Creative Commons Attribution-ShareAlike License, This page was last edited on 7 October 2020, at 04:15. ), originated with the erroneous synonymization of Citrullus lanatus (Thunb.)

Your email address will not be published. Chromosome numbers, Sudanese wild forms, and classification of the watermelon genus Citrullus, with 50 names allocated to seven biological species. Grilled Watermelon With Smoked Salt And Jalapeno RingsGet the Grilled Watermelon with Smoked … Citric acid in fruit can cause problems for teeth and your digestive system. Beets are high in potassium, which helps eliminate fluid. The fruit can be eaten raw or pickled, and the rind is edible after cooking. [11] The bitter wooly melon was formally described by Carl Peter Thunberg in 1794 and given the name Momordica lanata. On a garden scale, seeds are usually sown in pots under cover and transplanted into well-drained sandy loam with a pH between 5.5 and 7, and medium levels of nitrogen. [19], Seedless watermelons were initially developed in 1939 by Japanese scientists who were able to create seedless triploid hybrids which remained rare initially because they did not have sufficient disease resistance. The flowers are unisexual, with male and female flowers occurring on the same plant (monoecious). Only vitamin C is present in appreciable content at 10% of the Daily Value (table). Many cultivars are no longer grown commercially because of their thick rind, but seeds may be available among home gardeners and specialty seed companies. [31], In 2017, global production of watermelons was 118 million tonnes, with China alone accounting for 67% of the total. [16] Watermelons were cultivated for their high water content and were stored to be eaten during dry seasons. Hook.f. Watermelon (Citrullus lanatus) is a plant species in the family Cucurbitaceae, a vine-like flowering plant originally domesticated in West Africa. This requires planting pollinizer rows of varieties with viable pollen.



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