o1 vs o2 tool steel
With a carbon content between 0.5% and 1.5%, tool steels are manufactured under carefully controlled conditions to produce the required quality. O1 OIL HARDENING TOOL STEEL ANNEALING Heat slowly and uniformly to 1140°F; soak thoroughly and then allow to cool slowly in the furnace to below 1000ºF. One person mentioned still having a good edge on A2 used on and off for a for a month while his friend sharpens every 10 days, but one person might use the blade more in 10 days than another might use it in an on-and-off month. It’s a low-end oil hardening tool steel, and It belongs to the O group steels (O1, O2, O6, O7), it’s a very popular steel used by custom makers and mass makers. BLOG The D series of the cold-work class of tool steels, which originally included types D2, D3, D6, and D7, contains between 10% and 13% chromium (which is unusually high). Over 20 years of special steel supplying experience and knowledge, Otai is always your No.1 reliable supplier and partner for tool steel and alloy steel. A2 steel takes a little more effort to sharpen, but you are rewarded with a more durable edge that lasts longer. The only power machine he has is a tablesaw. Their machinability is good and they have a balance of wear resistance and toughness (i.e. Supply quality metals at competitive prices, with unbeatable service to keep you PRODUCTIVE! I've made some small tools for turning wood, or pottery, out of O1. During heat treatment the chromium addition combines with some of the carbon in the alloy to form chromium carbides: tough, hard particles dispersed through the steel. O1 has been common in knives for decades. Oil Hardening Cold Work Tool Steels O1,O2,O6.
According to its chemical composition and Hardness, the O1 tool steel offers the following properties: Edge Retention: the O1 steel offers good edge retention, due to its hardness. During heat treatment the chromium addition combines with some of the carbon in the alloy to form chromium carbides – tough, hard particles dispersed through the steel. Its edge retention is relatively low due to the small amount of soft iron carbides (cementite). That pinch of Mn allows the steel to harden with an oil quench (the “O” in O1 stands for Oil.) DD. it, get the O1. Reducing that thermal shock minimizes the risk of cracking or distortion in the hardened piece. O1 Tool Steel Chemical composition . Kits for Planes, Spokeshaves and Shoulder Planes, Krenov-style DIY Planes - Blades and Plans. APPLICATIONS: Thread gauges, master gages, cams, bushings, sleeves, meat granulator plates, arbors, forming rolls, shear blades, punches, dies, bar feed guides. O1 tool steel must be hardened by quenching in oil. As a result, tool steels are suited for use in the shaping of other materials. They have high surface hardness and are often used to make knife blades. Reducing that thermal shock minimizes the risk of cracking or distortion in the hardened piece.
O1 steel, on the other hand, is still preferred by many for its relative ease of sharpening and its ability to get sharper. This site uses affiliate links. That pinch of Mn allows the steel to harden with an oil quench (the “O” in O1 stands for Oil.) Does anyone have a good reference book/article on quenching techniques for various hardness/sharpness/brittleness/ductility results with ‘common’ available steels? It’s as much an art as a science and even commercial heat treatment doesn’t always yield consistent results. Here’s a reply from Ron Hock of Hock Tools: For our high carbon steel blades, HOCK TOOLS uses AISI (American Iron and Steel Institute) O1, a simple high carbon tool steel with very little added to the iron/steel alloy other than 1.1% manganese. Should I ever be compensated to write, I will make full disclosure. Your email address will not be published. The choice of group to select depends on cost, working temperature, required surface hardness, strength, shock resistance, and toughness requirements. These tool steels are low carbon and moderate to high alloy that provide good hot hardness and toughness and fair wear resistance due to a substantial amount of carbide. I continue to enjoy the site and The Guild.
These alloys increase the steels' hardenability, and thus require a less severe quenching process and as a result are less likely to crack. Both SAE-AISI 4140 steel and SAE-AISI O1 steel are iron alloys. Variables such as type of oil, brine or fresh water, temperature of the quench, how close the heat comes to the optimal temperature, how soon the hardened steel is tempered, etc. Key Metals. He’s all handtool. The Perfect Edge: The Ultimate Guide to Sharpening for Woodworkers. SAE-AISI 4140 Steel vs. SAE-AISI O1 Steel. Brian – I have the Veritas shoulder plane with the A2 blade, and it holds a “keen” edge for a very long time. Oil removes heat more slowly than water, reducing the thermal shock that occurs when orange-hot steel is plunged into water. The solution is to get a damascus steel blade? O1 has less abrasion resistance. Just about the clearest-stated, most-informative few paragraphs on tool metallurgy I’ve ever read. Common applications for these tool steels include forging dies, die-casting die blocks, and drawing dies. MIG Welding advice & tool steels reference. However, during heat treatment, the chromium carbides can grow quite large – large enough to affect your ability to hone the edge as close to zero-radius as you may want. There is no blanket best steel. I understand that O1 steel is softer, allowing for easier sharpening to a keener edge, but one that will dull more quickly. ;). D2 is the most stain resistant. As a result, tool steels are suited for use in the shaping of other materials. W-steels are still sold, especially for springs, but are much less widely used than they were in the 19th and early 20th centuries. (With a bit of practice you can replace and tune a blade in a wooden plane before they other guy gets his blade out of a western plane) I keep a few Hock blades of various widths around and swap them out as needed.
Stainless, very fine grain, very small carbide count. ABOUT Hey Brian. Software to compare different tool steel grades based on their properties: This page was last edited on 3 November 2020, at 20:29. 2.00–2.85% C, 0.8% Mn, 5.00–5.75% Cr, 0.3% Ni, 0.9–1.4% Mo, 3.9–5.15% V, 0.5–1.5, 0.5–0.6% C, 0.5% Mn, 4.75–5.50% Cr, 0.3% Ni, 1.15–1.65% Mo, 1.0–1.5 W, 1.25–1.50% C, 1.6–2.1% Mn, 1.0–1.5% Si, 1.55–2.05% Ni, 1.25–1.75% Mo, This grade contains a uniform distribution of. DRILL ROD & PRECISION … W-grade steel is essentially high carbon plain-carbon steel. I’ll qualify here: “Rough” and “fine,” as I am using them, is visually measured by light reflection. Otai Special Steel is One Voestalpine & Thyssenkrupp Trusted Supplier with ISO9001 Certified. Now I am by no means an expert in tool steel, so I thought I would go to someone who is for a more thorough answer. Individual alloys within a grade are given a number; for example: A2, O1, etc. This extreme cold treatment (-320°F) essentially finishes the original quench, increasing the steel’s toughness without any decrease in hardness. between the D and shock-resistant grades).[11]. They are used in production of larger parts or parts that require minimal distortion during hardening. The views and opinions expressed on this blog are purely our own. Subscribe to our newsletter to get a free guide on ”your subject”. When I am sharpening, it usually turns into an all day affair. Properties with values for just one material (8, in this case) are not shown. Its toughness is only “good” despite its fine structure and relatively low wear resistance. Especially AISI 4140/42CrMo4, DIN 1.2738/P20+Ni. A little Wiki is a dangerous thing: The Wikipedia article on “Tool Steel” points to a table by Paxton & Vierling Steel (a supplier), which recommends M2 steel for woodworking chisels.
The Purist has sharpening sessions every 10 days or so. No mess, just ulrta fine sharpening at it’s best. It’s a low-end oil hardening tool steel, and It belongs to the O group steels (O1, O2, O6, O7), it’s a very popular steel used by custom makers and mass makers. This extreme cold treatment (-320°F) essentially finishes the original quench, increasing the steelâs toughness without any decrease in hardness. O1 has a fine microstructure of cementite. Oil removes heat more slowly than water, reducing the thermal shock that occurs when orange-hot steel is plunged into water. HOME. Soooo, all of this is to say that you may end up with quite different edge performance from other folks who are using a tool made from a particular steel even by the same purveyor. The AISI-SAE grades of tool steel is the most common scale used to identify various grades of tool steel. With an alloy as simple as O1, containing so few alloying elements, the hardened grain structure is as fine as possible which allows honing to the sharpest possible edge.
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