Aug. 26, 1941 2,797,162 Korczynsky June 25, 1957 2,829,996 Murphy Apr. 9 to 12 in either case as compared with normal commercial steels No. 2 shows the change of various transition temperatures when the amount of metallic aluminum dissolved in solid solution in a Mn-Mo grade steel is varied for a given amount of precipitated aluminum nitride of 0.075 to 0.080% level. Be on the lookout for your Britannica newsletter to get trusted stories delivered right to your inbox. FIGS.

This is to say, that excellent properties are being demanded of a Mn-Mo steel both at low temperatures and at elevated temperatures. The manganese content in carbon steels is often increased for the purpose of increasing depth of hardening and improving strength and toughness. In: Hot Stamping of Ultra High-Strength Steels, From a Technological and Business Perspective’ Billur, E. 2017. In fact, manganese steel is the only alloy that can survive in the severe service conditions found in the large crushing equipment used in metallic mining and rock quarrying. transition temperature, Tr15, and the 30 ft.-1bs. 11 to 12 range, while the latter to about No.

In what follows the principle and the scope of the present invention will be disclosed in full detail, in which references will be made to drawings and photograms, where. A MANGANESE-MOYLBDENUM LOW-ALLOY STEEL CONSISTING ESSENTIALLY OF, BY WEIGHT, 1.00% TO 2.00% MANGANESE, 0.30% TO 1.00% MOLYBDENUM, LESS THAN 0.25% CARBON, LESS THAN 0.60% SILICON, LESS THAN 0.030% PHOSPHORUS, LESS THAN 0.040% SULPHUR, 0.006% TO 0.10% PRECIPITATED ALUMINUM NITRIDE, LESS THAN 0.15% METALLIC ALUMINUM DISSOLVED IN SOLID SOLUTION, THE BALANCE IRON AND INCIDENTAL IMPURITIES,SAID STEEL HAVING A FINE FERRITE GRANULAR STRUCTURE THAT IS FINER THAN NUMBER 9 IN TERMS OF THE ASTM FERRITE GRAIN SIZE NUMBERING SYSTEM. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)

930C xl hour, Woler- Cooled; 650Cx l.5 hours, Air-Cooled N.T. Modern specifications require a fully pearlitic steel produced to specific hardness and strength levels. Rail hardness is strongly related to interlamellar spacing with finer spacing producing higher hardness. HAJIME NAKAMURA ATTORNEY 1964 HAJIME NAKAMURA 3,155,496.

75-124 Although the so-called manganese-molybdenum grade steels have been used extensively as the specified material for boilers, like for example, as the A-302 Grade B according to the ASTM Standard, recently it has been recognized that such steels are also suited for nuclear reactor pressure vessels, as its neutron absorption cross section is relatively suitable. It will be seen that, in order to obtain an impact value more than 30 ft.-lbs. 1 for a Mn-Mo grade steel of a tensile strength about 70 kg./mm.

References Cited in the file of this patent UNITED STATES PATENTS 2,229,140 Smith Jan. 21, 1941 2,253,812 Rooke et al.

1.

thick plate of a Mn-Mo grade ductile steel according to the present invention and that obtained from a 70 mm. ; 930Cxl hour, Air- Cooled; 650Cxl5 hours,Air- Cooled Precipitated Aluminum Ni1ride,%, INVENTOR.

Bramfitt, in Encyclopedia of Materials: Science and Technology, 2001. -200480460-l40-l20-lOO-80-60-40-2O 0 2O 40 6O 80 Temperuture,C, INVENTOR. Fig. However, it has been found that steels with these microstructures have inferior wear resistance at equivalent and higher hardness. The alloy is principally made for high-wear resistance application and its high work hardening ability makes it applicable for … for the steel of the present invention as against 70 mm. Stabilizing austenite: Elements such as nickel, manganese, cobalt, and copper increase the temperatures range in which austenite exists. [7] Because the zone is narrow the crevice formed is also narrow, and the corrosion cell, once it has formed, is very active. 6 Specimen No. Eighteen alloys with a HerculesTM base composition were made with varying manganese, molybdenum and nitrogen contents, to establish the effect of these elements on the corrosion behaviour of the steel, and to determine a Hot formed steels*,***This chapter has been derived from ‘Metallurgy of Steels and Blank Materials. 4 and 6 are electron photomicrograms to illustrate the granular structure of a Mn-Mo grade steel according to the present invention in a state of normalization at magnifications of 4,000 and 10,000 respectively. 3, 930C 1: 1 hr Air-Cooled x 10000 INVENTOR. There is also a secondary cooling system that can simulate ordinary run-out cooling, as well as a cooling device to suppress deformation heating between the F2 and F3 stands as illustrated in Fig. The faster cooling rate lowers the transformation temperature and produces a fine pearlitic interlamellar spacing. These steels are generally simple carbon–manganese steels with a composition of 0.65–0.84%C and 0.70–1.10%Mn. Figure 2 compares the wear resistance of fully pearlitic rail steels to bainitic rail steels over a wide range of hardness. steel, HerculesTM, has a composition of 10 wt% Mn, 0.05 wt% C, 2 wt% Ni, 0.25 wt% N and 16.5 wt% Cr.

Prior art keywords steel less manganese aluminum nitride mn Prior art date 1961-05-16 Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. 5 to 7, both in terms of the ASTM ferrite grain size number. Such conclusion may be drawn if the natural quench-hardenability of Mn-Mo grade steels and the comparability of cooling rate of water-quenching a 70 mm.

24.6). 7 Specimen No. Manganese sulphide inclusions are common in stainless steel, but cause local depletion of the Cr-content. Alloy Steels

In these photomicrograms, the dark rectangular shaped objects are the precipitated aluminum nitride, of whose refining action of crystal grains mention has already been made.

HAJIME NAKAMURA BY W ATTORNEY 1954 HAJIME NAKAMURA 3,155,496.

4 to FIG. Since the nineteenth century, the railroads have exploited the excellent wear resistance of near eutectoid and eutectoid steels as rails in track.

9 to range, both in terms of ASTM ferrite grain size number. For rail, the lamellar morphology of cementite and ferrite is more wear resistant than the acicular ferrite+carbide particle morphology of bainite and the other microstructures that form at lower transformation temperatures. The relation between the amount of precipitated aluminum nitride versus the 15 ft.-lbs. FIG. Standard rails with a hardness level of between 300 HB and 330 HB develop their hardness and strength by transformation to pearlite upon air-cooling. Specifications of experimental apparatus for UDCSMR, B.W. 1 is a drawing to show the relation between various transition temperatures of a Mn-Mo grade steel and the amount of precipitated aluminum nitride there- FIG. 4 and 5 with respect to the specimen No. 5 and 7 are electron photomicrograms to illustrate the granular structure of the same steel as above except in a state of quench-and-tempering at magnifications of 4,000 and 10,000 respectively. 7, that the grain size is always smaller in the state of quench-and-tempering than in the state of normalization, the former corresponding to about No. 3, 930C x 1 hr dawn-Cooled; 650C 1: 1-5 hrs Air-Cooled Fig. 3, 930C x 1 hr Water-Cooled: 650C 2: 1.5 hrs Air-Cooled INVENTOR H me Naka mum Mtg & mu At neys United States Patent 2 Claims. Pure manganese produced electrolytically is used mostly in the preparation of nonferrous alloys of copper, aluminum, magnesium, and nickel and….

... molybdenum, and vanadium. 2. 3 is a drawing to compare the transition temperature characteristics of a Mn-Mo grade steel according to the present invention to that of a like steel which is available on existing commercial market. 3 comparatively shows the representative Charpy V-notch transition temperature curve obtained from a 17 mm. However, for the Mn-Mo steels to be employed in construction of a nuclear reactor pressure vessel, the current specifications have it that the Charpy V-notch impact value be over 30 ft.-lbs. Although no chromium component was involved in the specimens used in experiments, as well known in the art that the addition of chromium is effective to suppress excessive graphitization of a steel containing a large amount of aluminum, and to prevent the crack formation due to such graphitization when put to services at a temperature beyond 400 C., such chromium addition by an amount about 0.3 to 1.0% may also be needed for the steel of present invention, particularly when services at a temperature over 400 C. are expected. This time interval ∆t1 is a critical factor to obtain grain-refined structures in steel, as will be explained later. Figure 2.

This allows pitting corrosion to occur. Dissolved Metallic Aluminum in Solid Solution, A, INVENTOR HAJIME NAKAMURA ATTORNEY 1964 HAJlME NAKAMURA 3,155,496.

It is widely used across numerous industries and is an excellent material choice due to its toughness, high fatigue strength, and abrasion and impact resistance. 24.6. steel alloys containing manganese, Ferrous alloys, e.g. MANGANESE-MOLYBDENUM DUCTILE STEEL Filed April 20, 1962 5 Sheets-Sheet 4 Hg.

8, 1958 3,009,844 Connert Nov. 21, 1961 FOREIGN PATENTS 515,709 Belgium Dec. 15, 1952. It Will be seen that the ferrite grain size of this specimen is no coarser than No. at l2 C., the minimum amount of precipitated aluminum nitride is about 0.006% and the amount of precipitated aluminum nitride corresponding to the lowest transition temperature is around 0.04 to 0.05% for normalize-and-tempered material, and 0.05 to 0.06% for quench-and-tempered stock. Table 24.1. Hadfield manganese steel is essentially high-carbon high-manganese steel where carbon content is around 1.1–1.4% with 11–14% manganese. AISI 4140 steel is a low alloy steel containing chromium, molybdenum, and manganese. I; Specimen Ken-3, 930C at 1 hr Air-Cooled Fig. s−1. FIGS. E. 01.1 Woter-Quenchand-Tempered ommercial Steel,Q.T. Thus, the Mn-Mo grade steel according to present invention may be obtained with excellent mechanical properties in states of as-rolled, as-forged or like, but further refined granular structure and yet improved properties associated with such structure are to be realized when a process of heat treatment involving rapidly cooling thereof from a temperature above the transformation point and within the range of maximum precipitation of aluminium nitride, followed by, if desired, tempering at a low temperature. Premium rails with a hardness range of 350–400 HB achieve their properties by an accelerated cooling process called head hardening. for the commercial stock, because such thickness effect is known to affect on the low temperature characteristics adversely, yet such superiority of the steel due to present invention over commercial steel in the field of low temperature ductility as shown by the FIG. A manganese-molybdenum low-alloy steel consisting essentially of, by weight, 1.00% to 2.00% manganese, 0.30% to 1.00% molybdenum, less than 1.00% chromium, less than 0.25% carbon, less than 0.60% silicon, less than 0.030% phosphorus, less than 0.040% sulphur, 0.006% to 0.10% precipitated aluminum nitride, less than 0.15% metallic aluminum dissolved in solid solution, the balance iron and incidental impurities, said steel having a fine ferrite granular structure that is finer than number 9 in terms of the ASTM ferrite grain size numbering system.

Besides this effect of precipitated aluminum nitride as mentioned above, the aluminum nitride, when precipitated out finely, dispersedly and uniformly through the granular structure, as seen in aforementioned photo micrograms, works to prevent the deformation to progress unduly, and particularly helps to arrest the crack to propagate. Manganese steel is used for very rugged service; containing 11–14 percent manganese, it provides a hard, wear-resistant, and self-renewing surface over a tough unbreakable core. FIG. The specifications of the mill are listed in Table 24.1. https://www.britannica.com/technology/manganese-steel, manganese: Occurrence, uses, and properties.

In manganese: Occurrence, uses, and properties.



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